Penong is a small South Australian town on the Nullarbor Plain. Its location on the Eyre Highway makes it a popular rest-stop for travellers.
The area surrounding Penong was settled by Europeans in the 19th century, the town being established in 1915 with the arrival of the railway. It is characterised by many windmills, which pump water from the Anjutabie water basin.
Penong is the closest town to the Chadinga Conservation Park and Lake MacDonnell, which has rich reserves of salt and gypsum. The town is 20 km north of Cactus Beach, a popular surfing beach.